Briggs, M.J.; Vantorre, M.; Uliczka, K.; Debaillon, P. (2009). Prediction of squat for underkeel clearance, in: Kim, Y.C. (Ed.) (2010). Handbook of coastal and ocean engineering. pp. 1029-1080. https://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812819307_0026
In: Kim, Y.C. (Ed.) (2010). Handbook of coastal and ocean engineering. World Scientific: New Jersey. ISBN 978-981-281-929-1. xxiii, 1163 pp., more
This chapter presents a summary of ship squat and its effect on vessel underkeel clearance. An overview of squat research and its importance in safe and efficient design of entrance channels is presented. Representative PIANC empirical formulas for predicting squat in canals and in restricted and open channels are discussed and illustrated with examples. Most of these formulas are based on hard bottoms and single ships. Ongoing research on passing and overtaking ships in confined channels, and offset distances and drift angles is presented. The effect of fluid bottoms or mud is described. Numerical modeling of squat is an area of future research and some comparisons are presented and discussed.
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