Metapeyssonnelia, a new genus of the Peyssonneliaceae (Rhodophyta), is described. This encrusting orbicular alga is completely calcified by aragonite. Small unicellular rhizoids are present. The centre of the thallus shows a Peyssonnelia-like structure that metamorphes towards the margins of older thalli: in these metamorphosed parts, an inferior perithallus is generated downwards. Each hypothallic cell gives rise to only one coxal cell, even in the metamorphosed parts: this characteristic distinguishes the structure of Metapeyssonnelia from that of Polystrata. The type species is M. feldmannii nov. sp., collected at Port-Cros island (Mediterranean, France).
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